Understanding Uric Acid and Its Effects on the Body
Uric acid is a chemical produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found in many foods. Excess purines can lead to high uric acid levels, known as hyperuricemia, causing damage to various organs.
High Uric Acid Levels: Causes
Excess uric acid results from overproduction, poor elimination, or both. Common causes include:
- Diuretics, excessive alcohol, and sugary drinks
- Genetic factors, high blood pressure, and kidney issues
- Certain medications, obesity, leukemia, and metabolic syndrome
- High-purine diets (e.g., liver, seafood, red meat)
- Cancer treatments and tumor lysis syndrome
Symptoms of High Uric Acid Levels
Gout-related symptoms:
- Joint pain, swelling, and warmth
- Skin discoloration around joints
Kidney stone symptoms:
- Back pain, frequent urination, nausea
- Cloudy, bloody, or foul-smelling urine
Gout and Dietary Considerations
Gout, an inflammatory joint disease, is triggered by excess uric acid. Symptoms include severe pain, redness, and swelling, often in the lower limbs.
Foods to Avoid
- Red meat, organ meats, seafood (tuna, sardines, shrimp)
- Yeast extracts, beer, hard liquor, sugary drinks
- White bread, refined carbs, honey
Recommended Foods
- Vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, tofu
- Citrus fruits, coffee, avocados, plant-based proteins
A balanced diet and healthy lifestyle can help manage uric acid levels and prevent complications.
